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Compare Jan Mayen (2005) - Botswana (2001)

Compare Jan Mayen (2005) z Botswana (2001)

 Jan Mayen (2005)Botswana (2001)
 Jan MayenBotswana
Administrative divisions - 10 districts and four town councils*; Central, Chobe, Francistown*, Gaborone*, Ghanzi, Kgalagadi, Kgatleng, Kweneng, Lobatse*, Ngamiland, North-East, Selebi-Pikwe*, South-East, Southern
Age structure - 0-14 years:
40.3% (male 321,164; female 318,007)

15-64 years:
55.56% (male 423,954; female 457,227)

65 years and over:
4.14% (male 26,691; female 39,076) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - sorghum, corn, millet, pulses, groundnuts (peanuts), beans, cowpeas, sunflower seed; livestock
Airports 1 (2004 est.) 92 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total:
11

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
8

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)		 total:
81

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
56

under 914 m:
22 (2000 est.)
Area total: 373 sq km


land: 373 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total:
600,370 sq km

land:
585,370 sq km

water:
15,000 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than Texas
Background This desolate, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; it is the northernmost active volcano on earth. Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name upon independence in 1966. The economy, one of the most robust on the continent, is dominated by diamond mining.
Birth rate - 28.85 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$1.6 billion

expenditures:
$1.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $560 million (FY96)
Capital - Gaborone
Climate arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog semiarid; warm winters and hot summers
Coastline 124.1 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution - March 1965, effective 30 September 1966
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Jan Mayen		 conventional long form:
Republic of Botswana

conventional short form:
Botswana

former:
Bechuanaland
Currency - pula (BWP)
Death rate - 24.18 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $455 million (2000)
Dependency status territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service -
Diplomatic representation from the US - chief of mission:
Ambassador John E. LANGE

embassy:
address NA, Gaborone

mailing address:
P. O. Box 90, Gaborone

telephone:
[267] 353982

FAX:
[267] 356947
Diplomatic representation in the US - chief of mission:
Ambassador Kgosi SEEPAPITSO IV

chancery:
1531-1533 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 244-4990

FAX:
[1] (202) 244-4164
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient - $73 million (1995)
Economy - overview Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations on the island. Botswana has maintained one of the world's highest growth rates since independence in 1966. Through fiscal discipline and sound management, Botswana has transformed itself from one of the poorest countries in the world to a middle-income country with a per capita GDP of $6,600 in 2000. Diamond mining has fueled much of Botswana's economic expansion and currently accounts for more than one-third of GDP and for three-fourths of export earnings. Tourism, subsistence farming, and cattle raising are other key sectors. The government must deal with high rates of unemployment and poverty. Unemployment officially is 19%, but unofficial estimates place it closer to 40%. HIV/AIDS infection rates are the highest in the world and threaten Botswana's impressive economic gains.
Electricity - consumption - 1.517 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 950 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 610 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m


highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m		 lowest point:
junction of the Limpopo and Shashe Rivers 513 m

highest point:
Tsodilo Hills 1,489 m
Environment - current issues NA overgrazing; desertification; limited fresh water resources
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - Tswana (or Setswana) 79%, Kalanga 11%, Basarwa 3%, other, including Kgalagadi and white 7%
Exchange rates - pulas per US dollar - 5.4585 (January 2001), 5.1018 (2000), 4.6244 (1999), 4.2259 (1998), 3.6508 (1997), 3.3242 (1996)
Executive branch - chief of state:
President Festus MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since 13 July 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Festus MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since 13 July 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president

elections:
president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term; election last held 16 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2004); vice president appointed by the president

election results:
Festus MOGAE elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 54.3%
Exports - $2.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities - diamonds 72%, vehicles, copper, nickel, meat (1998)
Exports - partners - EU 77%, Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 18%, Zimbabwe 3% (1998)
Fiscal year - 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of Norway is used light blue with a horizontal white-edged black stripe in the center
GDP - purchasing power parity - $10.4 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
4%

industry:
46% (including 36% mining)

services:
50% (1998 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $6,600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 6% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 71 00 N, 8 00 W 22 00 S, 24 00 E
Geography - note barren volcanic island with some moss and grass landlocked; population concentrated in eastern part of the country
Highways - total:
18,482 km

paved:
4,343 km

unpaved:
14,139 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $2.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities - foodstuffs, machinery and transport equipment, textiles, petroleum products
Imports - partners - Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 76%, Europe 10%, South Korea 5% (1998)
Independence - 30 September 1966 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 6.2% (2000 est.)
Industries - diamonds, copper, nickel, coal, salt, soda ash, potash; livestock processing
Infant mortality rate - 63.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 8.6% (2000 est.)
International organization participation - ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 3 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) 20 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch - High Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrates' Courts (one in each district)
Labor force - 235,000 formal sector employees (1995)
Labor force - by occupation - 100,000 public sector; 135,000 private sector, including 14,300 who are employed in various mines in South Africa; most others engaged in cattle raising and subsistence agriculture (1995 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
4,013 km

border countries:
Namibia 1,360 km, South Africa 1,840 km, Zimbabwe 813 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)		 arable land:
1%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
46%

forests and woodland:
47%

other:
6% (1993 est.)
Languages - English (official), Setswana
Legal system the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply based on Roman-Dutch law and local customary law; judicial review limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch - bicameral Parliament consists of the House of Chiefs (a largely advisory 15-member body consisting of the chiefs of the eight principal tribes, four elected subchiefs, and three members selected by the other 12) and the National Assembly (44 seats, 40 members are directly elected by popular vote and 4 appointed by the majority party; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
National Assembly elections last held 16 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - BDP 57.2%, BNF 26%, other 16.8%; seats by party - BDP 33, BNF 6, other 1
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
37.13 years

male:
36.77 years

female:
37.51 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
69.8%

male:
80.5%

female:
59.9% (1995 est.)
Location Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland Southern Africa, north of South Africa
Map references Arctic Region Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 4 nm


contiguous zone: 10 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation		 none (landlocked)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Norway -
Military branches - Botswana Defense Force (includes Army and Air Wing), Botswana National Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $61 million (FY99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.2% (FY99)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
380,152 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
199,995 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
19,479 (2001 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 30 September (1966)
Nationality - noun:
Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)

adjective:
Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)
Natural hazards dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970 periodic droughts; seasonal August winds blow from the west, carrying sand and dust across the country, which can obscure visibility
Natural resources none diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash, coal, iron ore, silver
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Botswana Democratic Party or BDP [Festus MOGAE]; Botswana National Front or BNF [Kenneth KOMA]; Botswana Congress Party or BCP [Michael DINGAKE]; Botswana Alliance Movement or BAM [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO]

note:
main parties are: BDP, BNF, BCP; other minor parties joined forces in 1999 to form the Botswana Alliance Movement or BAM [Ephraim SETSHWAELO, chairman] but did not capture any parliamentary seats; the BAM parties are: the United Action Party [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO], the Botswana Peoples Party, the Independence Freedom Party [Motsamai MPHO], and the Botswana Progressive Union [D. K. KWELE]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station (July 2005 est.)		 1,586,119

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - 47% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate - 0.47% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only none
Radio broadcast stations AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA


note: there is one radio and meteorological station (1998)		 AM 7, FM 15, shortwave 5 (1998)
Radios - 237,000 (1997)
Railways - total:
888 km

narrow gauge:
888 km 1.067-m gauge (2000)
Religions - indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 50%
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.93 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.68 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment:
sparse system

domestic:
small system of open-wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and a few radiotelephone communication stations

international:
two international exchanges; digital microwave radio relay links to Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 86,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular - NA
Television broadcast stations - 0 (1997)
Terrain volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers predominantly flat to gently rolling tableland; Kalahari Desert in southwest
Total fertility rate - 3.7 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate - 40% (2000 est.)
Waterways - none
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